Lenticular optical system

ABSTRACT

A lenticular optical system is described in which a composite image is viewable through a lens sheet from a first angle and an object or image placed at a preselected distance beneath the composite image is viewable from a second angle. Optical designs and alignment processes are disclosed which make possible the economical production of thin materials which facilitate the manufacturing and utilization of the optical system in packaging and the like.

DESCRIPTION

[0001] This invention relates generally to optical systems and moreparticularly to a lenticular optical system through which variouscomposite images can be viewed.

[0002] Lenticular lenses are well known for use in optical systems toproduce various types of unique optical effects. The known lenticularlens systems generally include a transparent sheet having a planesurface on one side thereof and on the other side, a series of parallellongitudinal ridges creating a multi-lenticular system of convex lenses.A print sheet or medium is generally disposed at the back of the lensadjacent to or on the plain surface. The print sheet contains at leasttwo alternate series of spaced image lines, each series of image linesconstituting a dissection or breakup of a master picture. The two seriesof image lines are so optically related with respect to the lenselements as to be alternately visible upon positional changes of theviewer with respect to the lenses. When viewed from one position, thefirst series of image lines are visible so as to display the firstcomposite picture. When viewed from a second position, the second seriesof line are visible so as to display the second composite picture.

[0003] The same lenticular system can also be utilized to produce athree-dimensional picture effect. In forming such effects, the twoimages respectively constitute a right eye view of an object and a lefteye view of the same object in normal visual parallax. The lenticularlenses are placed to be along a line perpendicular to an imaginary linedrawn through the two pupils of the eyes of the viewer. In this manner,the convex lenses provide the desired optical effect to divert lightrays from the image lines making up the right eye elements of thepicture into the right eye of the viewer and, in the same way, the lefteye elements of the picture into left eye of the viewer, therebycreating the illusion of three-dimensional vision in the viewer's mind.

[0004] A major drawback of existing lenticular lens systems, such asthose disclosed in my prior patents 4,541,727 and 4,034,555, is the factthat neither image can be placed at varying distances beneath the lensand be viewed successfully, nor is it possible to place athree-dimensional object beneath the lens sheet at varying distances andbe viewed. Thus, the applications of existing lenticular lens systemsare restricted. Such capability of placing an object or image beneaththe first composite image would greatly expand the applications to whichthe system could be used.

[0005] Another drawback of existing lenticular lens systems is the factthat materials that are sufficiently thin enough for packaging and otherlarge-scale commercial uses cannot be made using the most economicalprinting technologies. In traditional lenticular lens material, thethickness is the same dimension as the focal length, which isapproximately three times the radius of curvature of the lens. With thelimits of quality consistent mass printing, in the order of being ableto print lenticular material in the order of 100 lenticules/inch, thelens material thickness is greater than 0.017 in. thick. In addition,where the object is to grab viewers' attention as they walk past, thetraditional lens materials change too quickly for use as our two-phasesystem of image to see-through. The traditional materials change severaltimes with too short a view of each phase. Another drawback of the knowntechnique for fabricating lenticular lens is the inability toeconomically register the print lines to the lenses with the requiredcritical parallel alignment.

[0006] A significant commercial use for materials with a dynamic changein views from an opaque picture view to a view of the interior contentsis in packaging, and particularly the mass beverage and snack foodpackaging market. Surveys show that over 80 percent of consumers maketheir final purchasing decisions in the store. In beverage and snackfood marketing, with a crowded field of products, it is essential to“catch the eye” of the consumer. There is a current need for an improvedlenticular system in which a juxtaposition of advertising images andactual three-dimensional product within creates an enhanced visualattraction.

[0007] Lenticular optical system that create 3-D images and images whichchange with changes in viewing position have been produced for manyyears by printing pictures on sheets which are laminated to lenticularlens sheets. The lens sheets are injection molded, extruded, andembossed. The embossing has been typically done with a spiral engravingof the cylinder. This creates a skew of the emboss lines, which makes itextremely difficult to align the lenticular ridges parallel to the printlines. It is essential that the image lines be parallel to the ridgeslines for 3-D and even more critical for image-to-see-through animationsystems. This parallel relationship must be maintained in order to keepthe ‘see-through’ slits open for a clear view of the objects beyond theplane of the lens sheet. If the lines and lens ridge are not mutuallyparallel, the image will not be capable of changing in a clearleft-right, or up-own animation. Instead, the image would change in theform of diagonal bands diminishing in size with further misalignment ofthe parallel.

[0008] It is a general object of the present invention to provide animproved lenticular optical system and an improved process forfabricating such a system.

[0009] It is an object of the present invention to provide a lenticularoptical system in which a composite image is viewable from one angle andan object or image placed at a selected distance between the compositeimage is viewable from a second angle.

[0010] It is a further object of the present invention to provide alenticular optical system which provides a first composite image whichcan be viewed through lenticular lenses wherein the first compositeimage is formed of a plurality of spaced apart parallel strips withtransparent stripes therebetween.

[0011] Still a further object of the present invention is to provide alenticular optical system through which at least two composite picturescan be viewed and wherein an object will be viewed at a third angle.

[0012] Another object of the present invention is to provide alenticular-type optical system which permits the placement of an objectimage at a plurality of preselected distances beneath a composite imagefor viewing at different angles.

[0013] Yet another object of the present invention is to provide anoptical system in which one composite picture may be viewed from oneangle and a three-dimensional object may be viewed from another angle.

[0014] Another object of the present invention is to provide alenticular optical system which permits independent replacement of eachcomposite image.

[0015] Another object of the invention is to provide optical systemswhich permit production of thin materials which are particularly usefulfor packaging.

[0016] Still another object of the present invention is to provide amultiple container packaging having an area having a lenticular lenssystem permitting the view of a first composite picture along oneviewing direction and a second composite image, the actual individualcontainers within the outer package at another viewing angle.

[0017] Still another object of the present invention is to provide anarray of packages with lenticular image to see-through portions whichcreate a continuum of moving images.

[0018] Still another object of the present invention is to providecontainer labels having an area of lenticular lens system permittingview of two or more sets of information in a limited area, permittingthe view of composite graphic information from certain directions ofview and the contents of the containers from other viewing directions.

[0019] Another object of the present invention is to provide a processfor fabricating a lenticular optical system in which the requiredaccurate alignment for the quality control necessary for the economicalprinting of the large quantities needed for packaged goods and othercommercial printing is achieved.

[0020] Another object of the invention is to overcome the limitationsand disadvantages of prior lenticular optical systems.

[0021] According to one aspect of the concept of the present inventionthe novel means employed to overcome the limitations of the prior artinclude an optical lens system comprising a transparent sheet having asurface on one side of the sheet and its opposite second surfaceconstituted by a plurality of parallel lenticular cylindrical lenses.The transparent sheet has a thickness in the range of between thedimension of the radius, and two times the radius. Herein it is anon-focusing lens, yet it functions adequately to view the lightreflected and refracted from the two phases of the image stripe, and theclear stripe, the ‘see-through’ view. In addition, at the same time, itovercomes the limitation of the thicker traditional focusing lens whichchanges view of the phases too rapidly. The focusing lens can fill thelens with stripes in the order of 1/100th of the image. In the presentinvention in the two phase image-to-see-through system, we wish to seeapproximately half the image area at one time. In addition, to enhancethe ‘see-through’ view, the image stripes are printed thinner than theintervening clear ‘window’ stripes.

[0022] According to one aspect of the present invention, an opticalsystem comprises a transparent sheet having a plane surface at one sideof the sheet and its opposite surface is constituted by a plurality ofparallel lenticular lenses. A first composite image is positioned withrespect to the plane surface of the transparent sheet. The firstcomposite image is formed of a plurality of spaced apart parallel stripswith transparent strips therebetween. A second composite image can bepositioned beneath the first composite image.

[0023] According to another aspect of the present invention, the opticalsystem comprises a transparent sheet having a plane surface at one sideof the sheet and its opposite surface constituted by a plurality ofparallel lenticular-type lens ridges, each ridge including parallelconvex lens and planer portions, the planar portions being disposed at aselected angle with respect to the plane surface. A composite imageportion is positioned with respect to the plane surface of thetransparent sheet. The composite image is formed of a plurality ofspaced apart parallel strip portions forming intervening void portionswhich permit the passage of light therethrough from said planarportions. The composite image is viewable through the convex lensportions. An object image is positioned beneath and spaced at apreselected distance from said first surface, the object image beingviewable in focus through the planar portions.

[0024] According to yet another aspect of the present invention, theoptical lens system comprises a transparent sheet having a first surfaceat one side of the sheet and its opposite second surface constituted bya plurality of parallel lenticulated convex lenses. The first surface isconstituted by a plurality of spaced apart parallel planar portionshaving a composite image positioned thereupon with transparent concavelens portions therebetween which permit the passage of lighttherethrough. The convex lenses and the concave lenses combine to form acombined lens of zero power of magnification. An object image, eitherplanar or three-dimensional, is positioned beneath the sheet at apreselected distance, whereby the object image can be viewed through thetransparent concave lens portions without distortion.

[0025] According to yet another aspect of the present invention, theoptical lens system comprises a transparent sheet having a first surfaceat one side of the sheet and its opposite second surface constituted bya plurality of parallel lenticulated convex lenses. The first surface isconstituted by a plurality of spaced apart parallel planar portionshaving a composite image positioned thereupon with transparent insetconvex lens portions therebetween which permit the passage of lighttherethrough. The convex lenses and the inset convex lenses which havethe same radius combine to form a combined lens of zero power ofmagnification. An object image, either planar or three-dimensional, ispositioned beneath the sheet at a preselected distance, whereby theobject image can be viewed through the transparent convex lens portionswithout distortion.

[0026] According to yet another aspect of the optical lens systemcomprises a transparent sheet having a first surface at one side of thesheet and its opposite second surface constituted by a plurality ofparallel lenticulated truncated parabolic lens, the truncated surfacebeing parallel to the plane surface. A composite image is formed of aplurality of spaced apart parallel strip portions forming interveningvoid portions which permit the passage of light therethrough from saidplanar portions. The composite image is viewable at side views throughthe convex (parabolic) lens portions. From the left and right views thetruncated plane surfaces are blocked by the height of the lens ridges atthese angles. An object is positioned at a preselected distance fromsaid first surface, the object image being viewable in focus through theplanar truncated portions when viewed straight on.

[0027] In another aspect of the invention, the parabolic lens permitsthe utilization of a sheet approximately ⅓ the thickness of a standardradius lens deign with the same number of lens ridges/inch. This isessential in the utilization of commercially economical printingproduction, wherein the best equipment has the limitation of printinglenticular materials in the order of 100 lenticles per inch a maximum.The standard radius 100/inch lenticular would require a thickness ofapproximately 0.017 inch.

[0028] According to yet another aspect of the invention, the opticallens system comprises a transparent sheet having a first surface at oneside of the sheet and its opposite second surface constituted by aplurality of parallel, lenticulated fresnel cylindrical lenses. Saidfirst surface is constituted by a plurality of spaced apart parallelplaner portions having a composite image positioned thereupon withintervening void portions.

[0029] According to yet another aspect of the invention, the oppositesecond surface of the optical lens system may be constituted by aplurality of parallel lenticulated diffractive cylindrical lenses. Saidfirst surface is constituted by a plurality of spaced apart parallelplaner portions having a composite image positioned thereupon withintervening void portions.

[0030] According to yet another aspect of the present invention, theoptical system comprises a transparent sheet having a first surface atone side of the sheet and its opposite second surface constituted by aplurality of parallel lenticulated holographic optical element portionshaving the power of cylindrical convex lenses. Said first surface isconstituted by a plurality of spaced apart parallel planar portionshaving a composite image positioned thereupon with intervening voidportions.

[0031] According to yet another aspect of the present invention, aprinted film system comprises a transparent film sheet having a firstsurface at one side of the film sheet, the viewing side, printed with aplurality of parallel spaced apart opaque lines, and its second surfaceconstituted by a plurality of parallel spaced apart image lines. Theparallel image lines form a composite image when viewed off angle fromthe verticle. An object positioned beneath and spaced at a preselecteddistance from said second surface, is viewable in focus when viewed fromthe straight on viewing position in front of the first surface.

[0032] In another aspect of the invention, the lenticular lens is usedas an area of an outer package for a multi container package creatingalternate views of AD graphics and individual containers within.

[0033] In another aspect of the invention, the lenticular lens packagesare combined in an array to form multiple visual images.

[0034] According to an aspect of the present invention, the novel meansto overcome the limitation of traditional container labels includesproducing a thin printed lenticular film, and gluing on, laminating anotherwise affixing the film to the container. The lenticulation can bepre-embossed on the film, embossed during mold bottle manufacture, orembossed by label affixing machinery.

[0035] Another aspect involves an animation from an opaque pictorialview at one angle of view, to a change to a ‘see-through’ to thecontents of the container at another angle of view, utilizing atransparent attachment material. Other aspects involve non ‘see-through’animation images and 3-D images.

[0036] Another aspect of the present invention involves adjusting theprint line graphics to the curved surface of many containers. Toaccomplish this, the image lines must be compressed in the axisperpendicular to the lines, so that the image will change as a whole asthe viewer passes the container. If this adjustment were notincorporated into the production, the viewer would see only verticlebands of the image, rather than the whole image.

[0037] According to another aspect of the present invention, improvedaccuracy in alignment is achieved by a process in which the lenticularridges are impressed into the film with a rotary tool, the grooves ofwhich are perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder and have beenprecisely indexed after engraving each increment and each groove isidentical and equidistant from the previous groove. The tool can be usedin a multiple group engraving tool, or a singular engraver. In thesecond step of the process the film is cut at right angles to thecoherent axis of the embossing cylinder and parallel to the parallelembossed ridges. The cutting is done in close proximity to the embossingor the unwind of a preembossed film roll, for greater accuracy. Thiscutting creates a cut parallel to the lenticular ridge pattern.

[0038] The print indicia lines are thus aligned with the lens material:The parallel line indicia must be aligned squarely with the printcylinders and edge guides. The film with its parallel lens ridges andmutually parallel edge are guided squarely into the printing presses andline up with the parallel line indicia, parallel with the film. This canbe accomplished due to the mutually parallel edges.

[0039] In the case of web printing processes, the film web is guidedinto the press with the ridges at right angles to the cylinders. Forsheet printing, the lens film first must be cut at right angles tocreate sheets. It is preferable to feed the sheets into the sheetpresses with the lens ridges parallel to the print cylinders. Printlines are mutually parallel on the print cylinders, producing printlines on the sheets parallel to the edge and to the ridge lines.

[0040] To further achieve the desired parallel alignment, an additionalstep can be incorporated into the process in which embossed film isguided into the printing and laminating processes by devices producingsensory responses to the differential of parallel ridges, valleys, andedges. These devices may include optical, ultrasonic, laser and otherdifferential sensory response devices.

[0041] According to another aspect of the process of the presentinvention, the printing step can be initiated first, with subsequentcombining with the embossed optical ridges. First, parallel line indiciaare printed on a web of film with print indicia lines parallel with thelongitudinal direction of the web and with the register marks in themargins of the film. Next, the film with the parallel print lines isguided with optical sensors which read the parallel lines and/or theregistration marks, in order to align the print lines straight into theapparatus which will add the parallel embossed lenticular lens grid. Theembossing units have a cylinder with indexed annular grooves. Formingthe embossed ridges can be accomplished by various methods. In onemethod, the embossing roller is warm enough to overcome the elasticmemory of the film and to set the new lenticular surface into the film.Another method involves heating the film with a first warm roller orinfra-red radiation or other heating methods, and while warm, embossingwith a cool embossing roller which acts as a heat sink and sets in thegrooves. Another method involves casting a polymer onto the embossingcylinder by exposing the polymer to UV, EB or other antic radiation asit is coated onto the film web, setting up the lenticular ridges. Thiscan be cast onto the printed web or a second web which is laminated tothe printed web.

[0042] According to another aspect of the process of the currentinvention, the process for producing a lenticular lens material havingparallel lens to print alignment is produced by silkscreen printinglines of clear resin. The lines of resin can be printed as parallelridges beads which naturally form a slope creating the convex lenticularbar-lens ridges. The lines of resin are delineated by minimal linespaces between the lines. However, as they are printed the lines flowslightly wider, thereby reducing the gap between the grid of adjacentresin lines such that the lens line curves nearly intersect. Thesilkscreen process can lay down a height of resin commensurate withlenticular ridges (as much as 0.003 in). The ridges can be set with UVand other methods. Another step in alignment involves printing parallelline indicia on the reverse side of the film web in a perfecter mode ifthe printing is in line, thereby assuring mutual parallel alignment ofthe line indicia to the silkscreened ridges. The two steps of theprocess can also be accomplished in reverse order. The printing may beon the same side of the film, with a flood coat of resin cured over theprint first, after which the lens ridges are screen printed. The printlines may be printed by letterpress, offset, gravure, or the like, whilethe lens ridges are silkscreened.

[0043] According to another aspect of the process of the presentinvention, the process for producing a lenticular lens material havingparallel lens to print alignment is produced by printing clear varnishink repellent stripes. Said clear stripes are printed parallel to theemboss ridges on the opposite side of the film. The repellent propertiesof these low energy stripes make it possible to start with a continuousimage on a printing plate or equivalent origination, and only havealternating lines of print adhere to the substrate, said adhering linescorresponding to the spaces between the previously printed clear varnishlines.

[0044] According to another aspect of the process of the presentinvention, the process for producing a lenticular lens material havingparallel lens to print alignment is produced by printing thick lines ofclear varnish. Said varnish lines Thereafter, a continuous full image ona printing plate or equivalent origination can be adjusted to transferink only to the raised stripes, therein leaving said alternatingstripes, which are devoid of the thick varnish.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] My invention will be more clearly understood from the followingdescription of specific embodiments of the invention, consideredtogether with the accompanying drawings, wherein similar referencecharacters denote similar elements throughout the several views and inwhich:

[0046]FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view showing the optical principles onwhich the prior art ‘opaque’ devices operate;

[0047]FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic view showing the optical principles of‘image-seethrough’ prior art utilizing conventional ‘arc of circle’radius lenticles;

[0048]FIG. 3A illustrates another prior art system; FIG. 3B is adiagrammatic view showing the optical principles upon which a firstembodiment of the present invention operates;

[0049]FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic view showing the optical principles uponwhich a second embodiment of the present invention operates;

[0050]FIG. 5 is a three dimensional view of the elements constitutingthe lens system in FIG. 4;

[0051]FIG. 6 is a diagrammatic view showing the optical principles uponwhich a third embodiment of the present invention operates;

[0052]FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional view of the elements constitutingthe lens system in FIG. 6;

[0053]FIG. 8A is a diagrammatic view showing the optical principles uponwhich a fourth embodiment of the present invention operates; FIG. 8B isa diagrammatic view showing the optical principals upon which a fifthembodiment of the present invention operates.

[0054]FIG. 9 is a three-dimensional view of the elements constitutingthe lens system shown in FIG. 8A;

[0055]FIG. 10 is a diagrammatic view showing the optical principles uponwhich a sixth embodiment of the present invention operates;

[0056]FIG. 11 is a three-dimensional view of the elements constitutingthe lens system in FIG. 10;

[0057]FIG. 12 is a diagrammatic view showing the optical principles uponwhich a seventh embodiment of the present invention operates;

[0058]FIG. 13 is a diagrammatic view showing the optical principles uponwhich a eighth embodiment of the present invention operates;

[0059]FIG. 14 is a three-dimensional view of the elements constitutingthe lens system shown in FIG. 13;

[0060]FIG. 15 is a diagrammatic view showing the optical principles uponwhich a ninth embodiment of the present invention operates;

[0061]FIG. 16 is a diagrammatic view showing the optical principles uponwhich a tenth embodiment of the present invention operates;

[0062]FIG. 17 is a three-dimensional view of the elements constitutingthe lens system in FIG. 16;

[0063]FIGS. 18A and 18B show perspective views of a multi-beveragepackage having an area of lenticular lens;

[0064]FIGS. 19A and 19B show perspective views of an array of multiplebeverage packages;

[0065]FIG. 20A shows a three-dimensional view of a container with alenticular area; and FIG. 20B shows a cross-section of container wallwith lenticular area.

[0066]FIG. 21 is a three-dimensional view showing a process inaccordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

[0067]FIG. 22 is a diagrammatic view showing a process for creating anenclosed lenticular film in accordance with the process of the presentinvention;

[0068]FIG. 23 is a three-dimensional view showing a process of thepresent invention;

[0069]FIGS. 24 and 25 are diagrammatic cross-sectional views showing aprocess in accordance with the present invention;

[0070]FIG. 26 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view showing a processof the present invention; and

[0071]FIG. 27 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view showing process ofthe present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0072] Referring to FIG. 1, there is shown a diagrammatic view of aprior art lenticular device, which includes a lenticular screen 10having a plane surface 12 on one side thereof. Screen 10 includes on itsother side a continuous series of ridges 14 which form the lenspatterns. Beneath the lenticular screen is a sheet 16 which contains twoalternate series of spaced image lines 18, 20. The image lines 18constitute a dissection of a first master picture, whereas the imagelines 20 constitute the dissection of a second master picture. The twoseries of image lines are optically arranged so as to be alternatelyvisible upon positional change of the viewer with respect to the screen.

[0073] By viewing the arrangement shown in FIG. 1 from position A, thelines of sight 9 are directed to the lenticular screen at any angle suchthat they are refracted toward the image lines 18 so that in effect acoherent and comprehensive image of the first master picture will beviewed by the viewer's eye. If the viewing position were moved toposition B, then the lines of sight 11 would strike the curved faces 14at such an angle that only the picture elements 20 are visible and acomposite and comprehensive picture of the second master picture wouldbe viewable by the viewer's eye.

[0074] In the prior art device of FIG. 1, both picture elements arealternately placed in series of spaced image lines along a single sheet16 lying in a single plane beneath the lens system. As a result, if onewould want to change one of the composite pictures 18, it would benecessary to replace the entire sheet 16, which would also necessitatereplacing the picture elements 20. The second image sheet 24 thatcontains the second coposite image, as shown in FIG. 2, need not beformed into a plurality of spaced apart parallel strips as a dissectionof the composite picture, but rather may include a continuum of thesecond composite image. An apparent image of the entire compositepicture will be viewable through the transparent strips 26 located inthe first image sheet 22.

[0075]FIG. 3A illustrates another prior art lenticular system in which,a transparent sheet 30 includes a first surface 31, on one side of thesheet and its opposite second surface constituted by a plurality ofparallel lenticular lens 32. The first surface is constituted by aplurality of image lines making up either a multi-phase animation, ormultiple left-right eye views for 3 dimensional images. The transparentsheet 30, is equal in thickness to the focal length of the lens, whichis approximately 3 times the radius of the lens.

[0076] A first embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 3B.

[0077]FIG. 3B illustrates a transparent sheet 33, having a first surface34, on one side of the sheet and its opposite second surface constitutedby a plurality of parallel lenticular ridges 35. The first surface isconstituted by a plurality of spaced apart parallel image stripsportions 36, positioned thereupon forming a composite image. Formedbetween portions 36 are intervening void portions 37. The transparentsheet 33, has a thickness in the range of between the dimension of theradius, and two times the dimension of the radius.

[0078] The word “image” is used wherein and in the claims hereinbelow isdefined to mean a picture, design, writing, indicia, or information,printed by a printing press or made by an artist, or writer, or made bya photographic process or by any other means. The reference herein to“voids” or “transparent strips” expressly contemplates provision ofvoids as well as a transparent medium.

[0079] Alternatively, the image strip portions can be printed onremovable screens containing the respective composite images, projectedon said first surface, or removed entirely. This flexibility enables thealternate viewing of changeable indicia. This can enhance the capabilityof visual displays and viewing systems. The viewer can therein compare,juxtapose, and interpolate various images and objects by viewing themthrough this lenticular lens system. For example, one image or objectcan be held in a static viewing position in a viewing device, whileother images or objects are changes. Also, printed images can be viewedin conjunction with objects and/or projected images.

[0080] An embodiment of the present invention which allows the viewer toview a composite image at one angle of sight and to view an objectpositioned beyond the composite image at a second angle of sight isillustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5. With reference to FIG. 4, a transparentsheet 40 includes a first surface 41 on one side of the sheet and itsopposite second surface constituted by a plurality of parallellenticular parabolic convex lenses 42. First surface 41 is constitutedby a plurality of spaced apart parallel image strips 43 positionedthereupon forming a composite image. Formed between portions 43 areintervening void portions 44. As shown in FIG. 4, lines of sight 45 fromviewing position A are directed to the convex lens portions 42 at suchan angle that they are refracted toward parallel image strip portions43, whereupon a viewer at position A can see the composite image; thatis the picture elements 43 will form a composite and comprehensivepicture of the composite image in the viewer's eye. When viewed fromposition B, the lines of sight 46 will reach the lens at an anglewhereby they will be deflected toward the transparent strips 44 throughwhich the viewer will be able to see an object image as an apparententire composite and comprehensive picture. The object image needs to bein close proximity to surface 41 in order for the object image viewed tobe in clear focus.

[0081] Alternately, the image strip portions can be printed on removablescreens containing the respective composite images, projected on saidfirst surface, or removed entirely. This flexibility enables thealternate viewing of changeable indicia. This can enhance the capabilityof visual displays and viewing systems. The viewer can therein compare,juxtapose, and interpolate various images and objects by viewing themthrough this lenticular lens system. For example, one image or objectcan be held in a static viewing position in a viewing device, whileother images or objects are changed. Also, printed images can be viewedin conjunction with objects and/or projected images.

[0082]FIG. 5 shows a three-dimensional view of the optical system of theembodiment of FIG. 4 with the transparent sheet 40, parallel parabolicconvex lens 42, and first surface 41 having parallel composite imagestrip portions 43, and intervening void portions 44. Image 74 is shownat

[0083] preselected distance x from the first surface 41, on image plane47 which, for the purposes of exposition, is approximately parallel tofirst surface 41, that is, to image strip portions 43.

[0084] With reference to the embodiment of FIG. 4, it is noted that theparabolic shape of the lenses 42 permits the creation of thin filmlenticulated materials wherein the same pitch or number of lenticulesper inch can be formed as in much thicker prior art of circle lenticulardesigns. The same dimension print lines can be achieved in the presentinvention with the use of significantly thinner material. This issignificant in that cost-effective production is significantly improvedwith the use of thinner materials. The use of thinner materials isdirectly related to the limits of commercial printing wherein the linethickness of approximately 0.005 inch registered with multiple colorpasses would be the finest that is efficiently printable. With theconventional radius designs, a material thickness of approximately 0.018inch would be required. It is necessary to achieve the thinner materialenabled by the present invention in order to make product available forthe broad commercial areas of packaging and publishing, wherein majorcost reductions, more available attachment methods for thinnermaterials, and overall reduction of material used are essential. Thisembodiment is also applicable for three-dimensional pictures.

[0085] Another aspect of the present invention which allows the viewerto view a composite image at one angle of sight and to view an objectpositioned beyond the composite image at a second angle of sight isillustrated in the embodiment of the invention shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.

[0086] In the diagrammatic view of the invention at FIG. 6, images areviewed through a transparent lenticular-type screen, or sheet, 60 havinga plane surface 62 at one side of the sheet and its opposite surfaceconstituted by a plurality of lenticular-type parallel ridges 61. Eachridge includes a convex lens portion 64 and a planar portion 66, theportions 64 and 66 being parallel to one another. Planar portions 66 areat a preselected angle with respect to plane surface 62 for a purposedescribed below.

[0087] A composite image is positioned on surface 62 of sheet 60, theimage being formed of a plurality of spaced apart parallel image stripportions 68. Formed between portions 68 are intervening void portions70. As shown on FIG. 6, lines of sight 72 from viewing portion A aredirected to the convex lens portions 64 at such an angle that they arerefracted toward parallel image strip portions 68, whereupon a viewer atposition A can see the composite image. That is, the picture elements 68form a composite and comprehensive picture of the composite image in theviewer's eye.

[0088] Alternately, the image strip portions can be printed on removablescreens containing the respective composite images, projected on saidfirst surface, or removed entirely. This flexibility enables thealternate viewing of changeable indicia. This can enhance the capabilityof visual displays and viewing systems. The viewer can therein compare,juxtapose, and interpolate various images and objects by viewing themthrough this lenticular lens system. For example, one image or objectcan be held in a static viewing position in a viewing device, whileother images or objects are changed. Also, printed images can be viewedin conjunction with objects and/or projected images.

[0089] Referring to FIG. 6, an image, which may be a three-dimensionalobject or a substantially flat image, referred to here as an objectimage 74, is positioned directly beneath and at a preselected distancefrom plane surface 62. The preselected angle at which planar lensportion 66 is disposed causes the light rays of line of sight 76 fromviewing position B to strike plane surface 62 and to refract preferablyperpendicular, or normal to surface 62 and to enter sheet 60 directlywithout refraction and so to continue directly to void portion 70 atwhich plane it is refracted at an angle that directs the light raysdirectly downwards to object image 74. Thus the viewer can, by selectingeither viewing position A or B alternately view the composite image orimage strip portions 68 or the object image 74. Object image 74 can, asnoted above, be three-dimensional or two-dimensional. In addition, itcan be disposed at any of a plurality of preselected distances, shown,for purposes of exposition, at distance X and at distance Y from surface62, labeled images 74 and 74′ respectively on image planes 77 and 78. Inorder that the viewer be able to see image 74, planar surface 66 must bedisposed at such an angle to surface 62 that the light rays exit fromvoid portions 70 normal to the surface of portions 70.

[0090]FIG. 7 illustrates a three-dimensional view of the optical systemshowing transparent sheet 60 with parallel planar portions 66 and convexlens portions 64 or parallel ridges 61 and parallel image strip portions68 and intervening void portions 70 with object images 74 and 74′disposed at preselected distances x and y from plane surface 62. Object74 is shown disposed on a plane 77 and object 74′ is shown on a plane 78for purposes of exposition.

[0091] With reference to the embodiment of FIG. 6 it is noted that sincethere is no lens or curvature involved at either planar portions 66 orplane surface 62 at void portions 70, there will be no distortion of theimage and the image will, in addition, be in focus. Because of thepresent effect, however, object 74 will appear to the viewer at positionB to be at a different location than in fact it is; that is, there willbe a shift in the object's apparent position.

[0092] Another aspect of the present invention which allows the viewerto view a composite image at one angle of sight and to view an objectpositioned beyond the composite image at a second angle of sight isillustrated in the embodiment of the invention shown in FIGS. 8 and 9.

[0093] With reference to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 8A, atransparent sheet 80 includes a first surface 82 on one side and itsopposite second surface is constituted by a plurality of parallellenticulated convex lenses 84. First surface 82 is constituted by aplurality of spaced apart parallel planar portions 86 having parallelcomposite image strip portions 88 positioned thereupon forming acomposite image. Transparent concave lens portions 89 are disposedbetween the parallel image portions 88. Light from the convex lenses 84can pass through concave lenses portions 89. Convex lenses 84 andconcave lens portions 89 together combine to form a single combined lensof zero power.

[0094] As shown in FIG. 8A, lines of sight 90 are directed to convexlens portions 84 at such an angle that they are refracted towardparallel image strip portions 88, whereupon a viewer at position A cansee the composite image, that is, picture elements 88 will form acomposite and comprehensive picture of the composite image in theviewer's eye.

[0095] Referring to FIG. 8A, either a three-dimensional or substantiallyflat image, referred to here as object image 74, is positioned directlybeneath and at a preselected distance from first surface 82. When theviewer is positioned at viewing position B, lines of sight 91 aredirected at convex lenses 84 which are then refracted toward transparentconcave lens portions 89 from where they exit at a refracted angle tocontinue to object 74. Thus, object 74 can be viewed from position Bwithout distortion. Object 74 can be disposed at a plurality ofpreselected positions beneath surface 82, and, for purposes ofexposition, object 74 is shown at an x distance and also at a ydistance, where it is characterized as 74′.

[0096] Alternately, the image strip portions can be printed on removablescreens containing the respective composite images, projected on saidfirst surface, or removed entirely. This flexibility enables thealternate viewing of changeable indicia. This can enhance the capabilityof visual displays and viewing systems. The viewer can therein compare,juxtapose, and interpolate various images and objects by viewing themthrough this lenticular lens system. For example, one image or objectcan be held in a static viewing position in a viewing device, whileother images or objects are changed. Also, printed images can be viewedin conjunction with objects and/or projected images.

[0097]FIG. 9 shows a three-dimensional view of the optical system of theembodiment of FIG. 8A that includes a transparent sheet 80, parallelconvex lenses 84, and first surface 82 having parallel planar portions86 with composite image strip portions 88 and intervening concave lensportions 90. Image 74 is shown at preselected distance x from firstsurface 82 and image 74′ at preselected distance y on image planes 92and 93, respectively, each plane being, for purposes of exposition,approximately parallel to first surface 82, that is, to image stripportions 88.

[0098] In the embodiment of FIG. 9, the structure of surface 82 withindented concave lens portions 89, and protruding alternating stripportions 88 makes it possible for an inking system to transfer ink tostrip portions 88, automatically registering the ink to these raisedstrips and not transferring ink to the indented concave lens portions89, thereby to produce the required result of registered parallel printlines and alternating unprinted spaces from a standard continuous imageon the print plate. The surface 82 thus registers the ink in thenecessary line strips.

[0099] Another aspect of the present invention which allows the viewerto view a composite image at one angle of sight and to view an objectpositioned beyond the composite image at a second angle of sight isillustrated in the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 8B.

[0100] With reference to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 8B, atransparent sheet 94 includes a first surface 95 on one side and itsopposite second surface is constituted by a plurality of parallellenticulated convex lenses 96. First surface 95 is constituted by aplurality of spaced apart parallel planar portions 97 having parallelcomposite image strip portions 98 positioned thereupon forming acomposite image. Transparent inset convex lens portions 99 are disposedbetween the parallel image portions 98. Convex lenses 96 and 99, bothhave the same radius of curvature. Light from the convex lenses 96 canpass through convex lenses portions 98. Convex lenses 96 and convex lensportions 99 together combine to form a single combined lens of zeropower.

[0101] Alternately, the image strip portions can be printed on removablescreens containing the respective composite images, projected on saidfirst surface, or removed entirely. This flexibility enables thealternate viewing of changeable indicia. This can enhance the capabilityof visual displays and viewing systems. The viewer can therein compare,juxtapose, and interpolate various images and objects by viewing themthrough this lenticular lens system. For example, one image or objectcan be held in a static viewing position in a viewing device, whileother images or objects are changed. Also, printed images can be viewedin conjunction with objects and/or projected images.

[0102] Yet another aspect of the present invention which allows theviewer to view a composite image at one angle of sight and to view anobject positioned beyond the composite image at a second angle of sightis illustrated in the embodiments of FIGS. 10 and 11.

[0103] With reference to FIG. 10, a transparent sheet 100 is illustratedhaving a first surface 102 on one side of the sheet and its oppositesecond surface is constituted by a plurality of parallel lenticulartruncated parabolic convex ridges 101. Each ridge includes a convex lensportion 104 and a planar portion 106, the portions 104 and 106 beingparallel to one another. First surface 102 is constituted by a pluralityof spaced apart parallel image strips 108 positioned thereupon forming acomposite image. Formed between portions 108 are intervening voidportions 110. As shown in FIG. 10, lines of sight 112 from viewingposition A are directed to the convex lens portions 104 at such an anglethat they are refracted toward parallel image strip portions 108,whereupon a viewer at position A can see the composite image. That is,the picture elements 108 will form a composite and comprehensive pictureof the composite image in the viewer's eye. When viewed from position B,the lines of sight 114 will reach the lens at an angle whereby they willbe deflected toward the transparent strips 110 through which the viewerwill be able to see an object image 74 as an apparent entire compositeand comprehensive picture.

[0104] Alternately, the image strip portions can be printed on removablescreens containing the respective composite images, projected on saidfirst surface, or removed entirely. This flexibility enables thealternate viewing of changeable indicia. This can enhance the capabilityof visual displays and viewing systems. The viewer can therein compare,juxtapose, and interpolate various images and objects by viewing themthrough this lenticular lens system. For example, one image or objectcan be held in a static viewing position in a viewing device, whileother images or objects are changed. Also, printed images can be viewedin conjunction with objects and/or projected images.

[0105]FIG. 11 shows a three-dimensional view of the optical system ofthe embodiment of FIG. 10 described with the transparent sheet 100,parallel truncated parabolic convex lenses 101, and first surface 102having parallel composite image strip portions 108, and intervening voidportions 110. Image 74 is shown at preselected distance x from firstsurface 102, on image plane 116, and image 74′ is shown at preselecteddistance y on image plane 118, each plane being, for the purposes ofexposition, approximately parallel to first surface 102, that is, toimage strip portions 108.

[0106] Referring to FIG. 11, an image, which may be a three-dimensionalobject or a substantially flat image, referred to here as an objectimage 74, is positioned directly beneath and at a preselected distancefrom plane surface 102. Truncated planar portion 106 is parallel to theplane surface 102, whereby the light rays of line of sight 114 fromviewing position B enter sheet 100 directly without refraction and socontinue directly through void portion 110 and on directly downward toobject image 74. Thus the viewer can, by selecting either viewingposition A or B, alternately view the composite image of image stripportions 108 or the object 74. In addition, it can be disposed at any ofa plurality of preselected distance, shown, for purposes of exposition,at distance x and at distance y from surface 102, labeled 74 and 74′respectively. Since there is no lens curvature involved at either planarportions 106 or plane surface 102 at void portions 110, there will be nodistortion of the image and the image will, in addition, be in focus.

[0107] With reference to the embodiment of FIG. 10, the parabolic shapeof the lenses 104 permit the creation of thin film lenticulatedmaterials

[0108] wherein the same pitch or number of lenticules per inch can beformed as in much thicker designs using an arc of circle radius. Thesame dimension print lines can thus be achieved which significantlyimproves cost effective production.

[0109] Yet another aspect of the present invention which allows theviewer to view a composite image at one angle of sight and view anobject positioned beyond the composite image at a second angle of sightis illustrated in FIG. 12.

[0110] With reference to FIG. 12, a transparent sheet 121 is illustratedhaving a first surface 123 on one side of the sheet and its oppositesecond surface constituted by a plurality of parallel holographicoptical element portions, 122, having the power of convex cylindricallenses, 127, the portions 122 being parallel to one another with bragplanes 126. First surface 123 is constituted by a plurality of spacedapart parallel image strips 124 positioned thereupon forming a compositeimage. Formed between portions are intervening void portions 125. Asshown in FIG. 12, lines of sight 129 form viewing position A aredirected to the holographic optical element lens portions 122 at such anangle that they are directed towards parallel image strip portions 124,whereupon a viewer at position A can see the composite image; that isthe picture elements 124 will form a composite and comprehensive pictureof the composite image in the viewer's eye. When viewed from position B,the lines of sight 128 will reach the lens at an angle whereby they willbe deflected towards the transparent strips 125 through which the viewerwill be able to see an object 74 as an apparent entire composite andcomprehensive picture.

[0111] Alternately, the image strip portions can be printed on removablescreens containing the respective composite images, projected on saidfirst surface, or removed entirely. This flexibility enables thealternate viewing of changeable indicia. This can enhance the capabilityof visual displays and viewing systems. The viewer can therein compare,juxtapose, and interpolate various images and objects by viewing themthrough this lenticular lens system. For example, one image or objectcan be held in a static viewing position in a viewing device, whileother images or objects are changed. Also, printed images can be viewedin conjunction with objects and/or projected images.

[0112] In the embodiment of FIG. 12, the holographic optical elementtype of lenses permits the creation of thin film lenticulated materialswherein the same pitch or number of lenticles per inch can be formed asin much thicker designs using conventional lenses. As in previouslydescribed embodiment, the same dimension print lines can be achieved onsignificantly thinner material.

[0113] In addition, the system can be used to view opaque animatingimages or left-right eye view three-dimensional pictures by substitutingprinted indicia in the place of the intervening void portions 125 onplane 123.

[0114] Yet another aspect of the present invention which allows theviewer to view a composite image at one angle of sight and to view anobject positioned beyond the composite image at a second angle of sightis illustrated in the embodiments of FIGS. 13 and 14.

[0115] With reference to FIG. 13, a transparent sheet 140 includes afirst surface 142 on one side and its opposite second surface isconstituted by a plurality of parallel lenticulated cylindrical fresnelconvex lenses 144. Each ridge is composed of a symmetrical groove facets146 which are parallel to one another. First surface 142 is constitutedby a plurality of spaced apart parallel image strips 148 positionedthereupon forming a composite image. Intervening void portions 150 areformed between portions 148. As shown in FIG. 12, lines of sight 152from viewing position A are directed to the fresnel convex lens portions144 at such an angle that they are refracted toward parallel image stripportions 148, whereupon a viewer at position A can see the compositeimage; that is the picture elements 148 will form a composite andcomprehensive picture of the composite image in the viewer's eye. Whenviewed from position B, the lines of sight 154 will reach the lens at anangle whereby they will be deflected toward the transparent strips 150through which the viewer will be able to see an object image 74 as anapparent entire composite and comprehensive picture.

[0116] Alternately, the image strip portions can be printed on removablescreens containing the respective composite images, projected on saidfirst surface, or removed entirely. This flexibility enables thealternate viewing of changeable indicia. This can enhance the capabilityof visual displays and viewing systems. The viewer can therein compare,juxtapose, and interpolate various images and objects by viewing themthrough this lenticular lens system. For example, one image or objectcan be held in a static viewing position in a viewing device, whileother images or objects are changed. Also, printed images can be viewedin conjunction with objects and/or projected images.

[0117]FIG. 14 is a three-dimensional view of the optical system of theembodiment described with the transparent sheet 140, parallellenticulated fresnel cylindrical convex lenses 144, and first surface142 having parallel composite image strip portions 148, and interveningvoid portions 150. Image 74 is shown at preselected distance x fromfirst surface 142, on image plane 156. This plane is, for purposes ofexposition, shown approximately parallel to first surface 142, that is,to image strip portions 148.

[0118] Referring to FIG. 14, an image, which may be a three-dimensionalobject or a substantially flat image, referred to here as an objectimage 74, is positioned directly beneath and at a preselected distancefrom plane surface 142. The viewer can, by selecting either viewingposition A or B, alternately view the composite image of image stripportions 148 or the object 74.

[0119] With reference to the embodiment of FIG. 13, it is noted that thefresnel type of lenses 144 permits the creation of thin filmlenticulated materials wherein the same pitch or number of lenticulesper inch can be formed as in much thicker designs using conventionalconvex lenses 158, so that the same dimension print lines can beachieved with significantly thinner material.

[0120] In addition, the system can be used to view opaque animatingimages of left-right eye view three-dimensional pictures by substitutingprinted indicia in the place of the intervening void portions 150, onplane 142.

[0121] Yet another aspect of the present invention which allows theviewer to view a composite image at one angle of sight and to view anobject positioned beyond the composite image at a second angle of sightis illustrated in the embodiment of FIG. 15.

[0122] With reference to the embodiment of FIG. 15, a transparent sheet159 includes a first surface 160 on one side and its opposite secondsurface is constituted by a plurality of parallel diffractive lenses 161having the power of convex cylindrical lenses. Each lens is composed ofsymmetrical step facets 162 the portions being parallel to one another.First surface 160 is constituted by a plurality of spaced apart parallelimage strips 164 or portions positioned thereupon forming a compositeimage. Intervening void portions 165 are formed between these portions.As shown in FIG. 15, lines of sight 166 viewing position A are directedto the diffractive lens portions 161 at such an angle that they arediffracted toward parallel image strip portions 164, whereupon a viewerat position A can see the composite image; that is, the picture elementsor image portions 164 will form a composite and comprehensive picture ofthe composite image in the viewer's eye. When viewed from position B,the lines of sight 167 will reach the lens at an angle whereby they willbe deflected toward the transparent strips 163 through which the viewerwill be able to see an object 74 as an apparent entire composite andcomprehensive picture.

[0123] Alternately, the image strip portions can be printed on removablescreens containing the respective composite images, projected on saidfirst surface, or removed entirely. This flexibility enables thealternate viewing of changeable indicia. This can enhance the capabilityof visual displays and viewing systems. The viewer can therein compare,juxtapose, and interpolate various images and objects by viewing themthrough this lenticular lens system. For example, one image or objectcan be held in a static viewing position in a viewing device, whileother images or objects are changed. Also, printed images can be viewedin conjunction with objects and/or projected images.

[0124] In addition, the system can be used to view opaque animatingimages or left-right eye view three-dimensional pictures by substitutingprinted indicia in the place of the intervening void portions 165, onplane 160.

[0125] In the embodiment of FIG. 15, the diffractive type of lensespermits the creation of thin film lenticulated materials wherein thesame pitch or number of lenticles per inch can be formed as in muchthicker designs using conventional lenses. As in previously describedembodiments, the same dimension print lines can be achieved onsignificantly thinner material.

[0126] Yet another embodiment of the present invention which allows theviewer to view a composite image at one angle of sight and to view anobject positioned beyond the composite image at a second angle of sightis illustrated in FIGS. 16 and 17.

[0127] With reference to FIG. 16, a transparent sheet 170 includes afirst surface 171 on one side and its opposite second surfaceconstituted by a plurality of parallel spaced apart solid opaque lines172. Formed between portions 172 are intervening void portions 173.First surface is constituted by a plurality of spaced apart parallelimage strips 174 positioned thereupon and positioned directly oppositein the verticle plane from the solid lines on the second surface. Theseimage strips form a composite image. Formed between portions 174 areintervening void portions 175. As shown in FIG. 16, lines of sight 176from viewing position A are directed at a 90° angle to transparent sheet170 and through intervening void portions 173 and intervening voidportions 175, whereupon a viewer at position A can see the compositeview of object image 74 as an apparent entire composite andcomprehensive picture. When viewed from position B, the lines of sight177 are directed through the intervening void portions 173 towardparallel image strip portions 174, whereupon a viewer at position B cansee the composite image; that is, the picture elements 174 will form acomposite and comprehensive picture of the composite image in theviewer's eye.

[0128] Alternately, the image strip portions can be printed on removablescreens containing the respective composite images, projected on saidfirst surface, or removed entirely. This flexibility enables thealternate viewing of changeable indicia. This can enhance the capabilityof visual displays and viewing systems. The viewer can therein compare,juxtapose, and interpolate various images and objects by viewing themthrough this system. For example, one image or object can be held in astatic viewing position in a viewing device, while other images orobjects are changed. Also, printed images can be viewed in conjunctionwith objects and/or projected images.

[0129]FIG. 17 shows a three-dimensional view of the optical system ofthe embodiment described with the transparent sheet 170, parallel solidopaque lines 172 and intervening void portions and first surface 171having parallel composite image strip portions 174, and intervening voidportions. Image 175 is shown at preselected distance x from firstsurface 171, on image plane 178. This plane is, for purposes ofexposition, shown approximately parallel to first surface 171, that is,to image strip portions.

[0130] Referring to FIG. 17, an image, which may be a three-dimensionalobject or a substantially flat image, referred to here as an objectimage 74, is positioned directly beneath and at a preselected distancefrom plane surface 171. The viewer can by selecting either viewingposition A or B alternately view the composite image of image stripportions 174 or the object 74.

[0131] In the embodiment of FIG. 18, a multi-container package is shownwhich includes a back, two sides, top, and bottom solid walls, and afront wall 179, with a window opening 180 and individual containersinside. The window contains a transparent sheet 182 having an outersurface constituted by a plurality of lenticular lenses, whereby whenviewed in a first position, a picture 183 is seen as shown in FIG. 18A.When viewed from a slightly different angle, the containers 181 insidethe package are seen, as shown in FIG. 18B. The window area shown is anexemplary package; other packages can be formed with lesser or greaterareas of lenticular sheet, even the entire package.

[0132]FIG. 19 illustrates an array of multi-container packages 184 withlenticular window areas 185, which, when viewed in a first positionprovide a multiple composite view of pictures as seen in FIG. 19A. Whenviewed from a slightly different angle, the containers inside thepackage are seen, as shown in FIG. 19B. The pictures can be multipleimages of the same picture, or different images, or partial views of onepicture. These window areas shown are exemplary packages; other packagescan be formed with lesser or greater areas of lenticular sheet, even theentire packages.

[0133] Another embodiment of the present invention, which allows theviewer to see alternating and three-dimensional formation on containers,is illustrated in FIG. 20. FIG. 20A illustrates a container whichincludes a lenticular area 186, on the container surface. As shown inthe cross section in FIG. 20B, the area consists of a transparent sheet187, constituted by a plurality of lenticular lenses 181 on its outersurface with parallel print line indicia 189 on the side opposite thelens ridges 188, the side of the film facing into the container 190. Inprinting the parallel image indicia 189 on a curved surface, the linesmust be compressed in the axis perpendicular to the lines, compared tothe original line grid designed to be printed on a lenticular film whichwould remain flat. The image will change as a whole as the viewer passesthe container, rather than ‘banding’ of the image. Conversely, byprinting vertical color lines in a configuration for a flat planersurface alignment and then mounting these on a curved clear containerthe print lines will create a visual illusionary effect of bending intothe bottle.

[0134]FIG. 21 illustrates a method for creating embossed lenticular filmwith parallel alignment. The annular cylinder 191 with its indexedgrooves 193 embosses or casts lenticular ridges 194 onto the film 192,each ridge being at right angles to the axis of the embossing cylinder191. Next, a cutting device such as a knife mechanism 195 is set to cutthe embossed film at right angles to the axis of the embossing cylinderand in critical parallel alignment to the embossed ridges on the film,192. A mechanical edge guide or sensory edge guiding device 196positions the embossed film to feed the film into printing pressessquarely. A sensory device could be connected with servo motors to makenecessary corrections to keep the film in a straight path alignment.Print cylinders 197 are set squarely with the edge guidance to assureparallel register of the subsequent print lines 198 to the parallelemboss of the film. As shown in FIG. 22, the web 199 is cut at rightangles with a knife or other cutting device 200 forming sheets 201. Thesheets are aligned into the press by edge guide 202 and gripper bar 203.

[0135]FIG. 23 illustrates the method for creating embossed lenticularfilm with parallel print alignment. The film web 204 is first printedwith parallel line indicia 205 and with registration marks 206. Optical(or other sensory devices) 207 read the parallel line pattern 205 and/orthe registration marks 206 guide the print lines straight into theembosser with its edge guide 208 and embossing cylinder 209 with itsannular parallel grooves 210, thereby producing parallel embossedlenticular ridges which are mutually parallel to the print line indicia.

[0136]FIG. 24 illustrates a method for creating lenticular film withparallel print alignment. The film web 211 is first printed withparallel lines of clear resin 212. The resin forms curved ridges.Parallel line indicia 213 are printed on the reverse side of the film ina perfecter printing mode to produce print lines which are parallel tothe printed resin lenticular ridges on the other side of the film.

[0137]FIG. 25 illustrates the method for creating lenticular film withparallel print alignment. As therein shown, the film web 214 is firstprinted with parallel line indicia 215. A flood coat 216 is spread overthe printed surface and cured. Parallel lines of clear resin 217 areprinted on top of the flood coat layer 216 in parallel register with theprint lines below.

[0138]FIG. 26 illustrates a method for creating lenticular film withparallel print alignment. The lenticular film 220 is first printed withparallel lines of clear varnish 221, mutually parallel to lenticularridges 222 on the reverse side of the film 220. The varnish lines 221have repellent properties wherein subsequent print image adheres only tothe adjacent alternating unvarnished stripes 223.

[0139]FIG. 27 illustrates a method for creating a lenticular film withparallel print alignment. The lenticular film 225 is first printed withthick parallel lines of varnish 226 by silkscreen or other methodsmutually parallel to the lens ridges 227 on the reverse side of thefilm. The varnish lines 226 form raised planar portions, with adjacentintervening stripes 228 which are devoid of the varnish. When printed,the lines of varnish 226 register ink 229 to themselves and preventtransfer of ink to alternating stripes 228.

[0140] The embodiments of the invention particularly disclosed anddescribed herein are presented merely as examples of the invention.Other embodiments, forms and modifications of the invention comingwithin the proper scope and spirit of the appended claims will, ofcourse, readily suggest themselves to those skilled in the art.

1. A container having a lenticular area affixed on the containersurface, said area having an outer surface constituted by a plurality oflenticular lenses, said lenticular lenses formed onto the outer surfaceby a process selected from the group consisting of pre-embossing thefilm label, embossing by an engraved portion of the injection mold whilesimultaneously forming the bottle, and embossing with an embossing platewithin a label-affixing machine, said lenticular lens having a compositeimage formed by a plurality of parallel image lines facing into thecontainer, said lenticular lens areas on containers selected from thegroup consisting of flat-faced and curved containers in which thegraphics on the curved containers are selected from the group of acomplete image wherein the print image lines are compressed to provide acomplete image which matches the optics of the pitch of the lenticularlens grid in its curved orientation and the non compressed printalignment to produced visual illusionary effects of image lines goinginto a clear container.
 2. A process for producing plastic materialhaving parallel lenticular emboss-to-print line alignment to producecomplete evenly changing left-right and up-down graphics comprising thesteps of rotary embossing optical ridges on a plastic film with acylinder having parallel indexed annular grooves, cutting said film atright angles to the coherent axis of the cylinder and parallel to theparallel embossed ridges, and guiding parallel film edges into theprinting presses parallel to edge guides which presses have theirprinting plates with line indicia aligned parallel to the edge guide,thereby to print the line indicia parallel to the film edge and mutuallyembossed ridges.
 3. The process as defined in claim 2, furthercomprising cutting the film at right angles to the axis of the film,thereby to create sheets for sheet presses.
 4. The process as defined inclaim 2, further comprising guiding the embossed plastic film withdevices producing sensory response to the differential of parallelridges, valleys, and edges into presses selected from the groupconsisting of printing presses and laminating presses.
 5. A process forproducing a material having parallel lenticular emboss to Film edgealignment comprising the steps of printing parallel line indicia orregister marks in the margin on film, guiding the parallel line printedfilm with optical sensors reading the parallel lines or marks in orderto align the print lines straight into the embosser, and rotaryembossing the preprinted film with ridges parallel to the print lineswith a cylinder having indexed annular groves by a step selected fromthe group consisting of cast coating, hot embossing, cold embossing, andlaminating.
 6. A process for producing plastic material having parallellens ridge to print line alignment comprising the steps of printinglines of parallel clear medium forming parallel ridges, and printingmutually parallel print lines by a step selected from the groupconsisting of printing in line and off line presses.
 7. The process asdefined in claim 6, wherein the order of the steps is reversed.
 8. Aprocess for producing plastic material having parallel lenticularemboss-to-print line alignment comprising the steps of printing parallellines of clear medium, and printing a full and continuous image whereinthe alternating lines of ink making contact with said clear medium arerepelled leaving these medium lines clear and without print.
 9. Aprocess for producing plastic material having parallel lens to printline alignment comprising the steps of printing parallel lines of raisedclear medium, and printing a full and continuous image wherein saidparallel raised clear medium lines act as an inking system toautomatically register ink only to said raised lines of clear medium andprevent the transfer of ink to the lower adjacent portions therebetween.